The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is the hinge that connects your jaw to the temporal bones of your skull, which are in front of each ear. It lets you move your jaw up and down and side to side, so you can talk, chew, and yawn. Problems with this joint and the muscles that control it are known as temporomandibular joint disorders. These disorders can cause discomfort in the jaw joint and in the muscles that control jaw movement. Understanding the nature of available TMJ treatments can provide guidance for individuals experiencing these issues.
What Is TMJ Disorder?
TMJ disorder refers to a variety of conditions affecting the temporomandibular joints, jaw muscles, and facial nerves. The exact cause of a person’s TMJ disorder is often difficult to determine. Your pain may be due to a combination of factors, such as genetics, arthritis, or a jaw injury. The pain and discomfort associated with TMJ disorders are often temporary and can be relieved with self-managed care or nonsurgical treatments. The joint itself is composed of a ball and socket with a shock-absorbing disc in between. This disc keeps the movement smooth. TMJ disorders can occur if this disc erodes or moves out of its proper alignment.
What Are the Symptoms?
The signs and symptoms of TMJ disorders can vary by individual. The condition may affect one or both sides of the face. Common symptoms include:
- Pain or tenderness in your jaw.
- Aches in and around one or both ears.
- Difficulty chewing or pain while chewing.
- Locking of the joint, making it difficult to open or close your mouth.
- A clicking sound or grating sensation when you open your mouth or chew.
If there is clicking but no pain or limitation of movement, you probably do not need treatment for a TMJ disorder. If you have persistent pain or tenderness in your jaw, or if you cannot open or close your jaw completely, seeking a professional evaluation is recommended. A specialist can discuss possible causes and treatments for your problem.
What Is TMJ Treatment?
Methods that fall under TMJ treatment range from simple self-care practices to more complex medical interventions. The specific treatment plan depends on the severity and underlying cause of the disorder. A healthcare provider will typically recommend conservative approaches first, and nonsurgical treatments may include:
- Oral Appliances: These devices fit over your upper or lower teeth to provide relief and prevent teeth clenching.
- Physical Therapy: Exercises to stretch and strengthen jaw muscles may be part of a treatment plan.
- Medications: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can help relieve muscle pain and swelling.
When more conservative treatments do not provide relief, a dentist or doctor might suggest other procedures.
Confer With a Dentist
If you suspect you have a TMJ disorder, consulting with a dentist or a doctor is a logical next step. A thorough examination is necessary for an accurate diagnosis, and this process may involve checking your jaw’s range of motion and listening for sounds during jaw movement. Imaging tests may be used to get a detailed view of the bones, disc, and surrounding soft tissue. Based on these findings, a professional can develop a personalized treatment strategy to address your specific symptoms and improve your oral health and overall well-being.
